1. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) was born through the merger of three institutions, namely the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), the National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan (NAL) and the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA). It was designated as a core performance agency to support the Japanese governments overall aerospace development and utilization. JAXA, therefore, can conduct integrated operations from basic research and development, to utilization.
JAXA Internship for Students
JAXA offers an internship program for students with a strong interest in space aeronautics to have on-site job experience related to their major and their future careers.
Link for application: http://global.jaxa.jp/about/employ/index.html

2. NIMS Internship Program for Graduate Students

Provide undergraduate and graduate students with technical experience of cutting-edge research activities in the field of materials and science
The objective of this program is to provide undergraduate and graduate students attending courses at domestic or overseas universities and graduate schools with technical experience in the field of materials and science in NIMS and also to publicize NIMS itself and NIMS Joint/Cooperative Graduate Programs.
NIMS is the world-top-level research institute in the fields of materials and science and you have an opportunity to experience the cutting-edge research activities. NIMS is widely open to the world with many international researchers and students and provides a great personal network. NIMS accepts about one hundred (100) students from over the world every year. There are financial supports for daily allowance and accommodation fee for the excellent students. The internship period is up to 90 consecutive calendar days.
Link for application: http://www.nims.go.jp/eng/hr-development/internship.html